Following these two congregations, a number of other Liberal synagogues have been founded in other cities.[90]. This includes the right not to profess a religion or belief. The Australian constitution consists of several documents, including the Statute of Westminster and the Australia Act of 1986, but there is only one reference to religion in the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia, signed into law in 1900. Later in 2012, a similar congregation was established in Sydney, known as Ayelet HaShachar. [82] 1,140 people identified as Aboriginal Muslims in the 2011 census, almost double the number recorded in the 2001 census. The population estimate as of 31 March 2021 was 25,799 431 people. [51], Notable Australian Christians[52] have included: Mary MacKillop educator, founder of the Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart and the first Australian to be recognised as a saint by the Catholic Church;[53] David Unaipon an Aboriginal writer, inventor and Christian preacher currently featured on the Australian $50 note;[54] Archbishop Daniel Mannix of Melbourne a controversial voice against Conscription during World War I and against British policy in Ireland;[55] the Reverend John Flynn founder of the Royal Flying Doctor Service, currently featured on the Australian $20 note;[56] Sir Douglas Nicholls Aboriginal rights activist, athlete, pastor and former Governor of South Australia;[57] Archbishop Stylianos Harkianakis Archbishop and primate of the Greek Orthodox church in Australia from 1975 to 2019. By 1901 apart from the indigenous population and the descendants of gold rush migrants, Australian society was predominantly Anglo-Celtic, with 40% of the population being Anglican, 23% Catholic, 34% other Christian and about 1% professing non-Christian religions. For important events, more than 20,000 people come. Hussein Abdulwahid Ameen, 'Muslims in Our Near North', Section 116 of the Constitution of Australia, Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, National Council of Churches in Australia. For example, the proportion of the population who reported they had no religion increased from 0.8% in 1966 to 6.7% in 1971 when instructions were added to the religion question. See 7[36]. As in many Western countries, the level of active participation in church worship is much lower than this; weekly attendance at church services is likely to be under 1 million, about 4% of the population. Urban churches, such as the Wayside Chapel (1964) in Sydney, differed markedly from traditional ecclesiastical designs. In the 1933 Census the public was specifically informed there was no legal obligation to answer the question on religion. 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Australia Office of International Religious Freedom. This was a result of Australias Humanitarian Program that specifically focussed on resettling Yezidi women, children and families from Iraq and Syria(2). An estimated 110,000 Jews currently live in Australia,[86] the majority being Ashkenazi Jews of Eastern European descent, with many being refugees and Holocaust survivors who arrived during and after World War II. As at the 2018 census, the majority of New Zealand's population is of European descent (70 percent), with the indigenous Mori being the largest minority (16.5 percent), followed by Asians (15.3 percent), and non . Australia is predominantly a religious country but also have about a third (7 million) indicated not to belong to any religion. Countryaah: Population statistics for 2020 and next 30 years in Australia, covering demographics, population graphs, and official data for growth rates, population density, and death rates. In 2021, Catholicism decreased to 20% (from 22.6% in 2016). [39], European culture and Christianity have had a significant impact on Indigenous Australians. This is an increase of 391,000 over 2017. However, while there is nothing in the constitution that prevents the creation of a truly secular state, there is no general 'mood' to legislative establishment of religions.[27]. "Popular Religion in Australia in the 1950s: A Study of Adelaide and Brisbane. There is some evidence of Islamic terms and concepts entering northern Aboriginal cultures via these interactions. 79% of Australia's population growth was due to . In 1998 the HREOC addressed the right to freedom of religion and belief in Australia against article 18 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, stating that "despite the legal protections that apply in different jurisdictions, many Australians suffer discrimination on the basis of religious belief or non-belief, including members of both mainstream and non-mainstream religions, and those of no religious persuasion. This was an increase of over 600 thousand (617,800) since 2016. Generally, older generations were more likely to be affiliated with Christianity and younger generations were more likely to have no religious affiliation. Most were migrants from countries such as Fiji, India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore and South Africa. In, Australian Bureau of Statistics. The services are loosely based on the Humanistic Jewish movement in the United States and the musical-prayer group Nava Tehila in Israel. Contents 1 Adherents in 2020 1.1 Notes 2 By proportion 2.1 Christians 2.2 Muslims 2.3 Irreligious and atheist 2.4 Hindus 2.5 Buddhists 2.6 Taoists/Confucianists/Chinese traditional religionists 2.7 Ethnic and indigenous 2.8 Sikhism 2.9 Spiritism 2.10 Judaism 2.11 Jainism Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. Since 1992 Conservative (Masorti) services have been held as an alternative service usually in the Neuweg, the smaller second synagogue within Temple Emanuel, Woollahra, Sydney. An additional 9.6 percent of the population either did not state a religious affiliation or stated affiliations such as "new age," "not defined," or "theism," while 30.1 percent . There had been short-lived efforts to establish Reform congregations as early as the 1890s. The number of non-religious has increased by 50 percent from 2011 since the year 2016. Christian affiliation of people in Australia varied across generations. This contact of South East Asian ethnic groups of Islamic faith can be identified from the graves they dug for their comrades who died on the journey, being that they face Mecca (in Arabia), in accordance with Islamic regulations concerning burial, as well as evidence from Aboriginal cave paintings and religious ceremonies which depict and incorporate the adoption of Makassan canoe designs and words. [50] According to the 2021 census, Buddhism has 615,800 adherents: 2.4% of the total population. Their population increased dramatically from the 1960s and 1970s and more than doubled between the 1996 and 2006 census to around 148,000 people. Australia is one of the least religious nations in the developed world, with religion not described as a central part in many people's lives. Accessed December 12, 2022. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1133490/australia-share-of-population-by-religion/, Australian Bureau of Statistics. However, the population remained low until the 1960s. For instance, if you take two people from anywhere in the country of South Africa, there's an 86% chance they will be of different religious sects or different religions altogether. [2] In the 19th century, Hindus first came to Australia to work on cotton and sugar plantations. These belief systems include Taoism, Rastafarianism, Scientology, and Unitarian Universalism (to name a few). These increases reflect Australias migration trends. Nor would it block federal legislation on religion, aside from that establishing an official religion of Australia. Religion in Australia - statistics & facts Australia is a secular country with a diverse migrant population and over 120 faiths, yet Australia has traditionally been a majority Christian. Research expert covering Australia and New Zealand. It consists of people who do not identify with a religion and those with non-religious beliefs including Agnosticism, Atheism and Humanism. According to census data, Australia's Sikh population grew from 72,000 to 210,400 between 2011 and 2021, an average growth rate of 14.8% per year. Please choose exactly 3. The National Council of Churches in Australia has been the main Christian ecumenical body. Comprises religion not stated or inadequately described. Despite this shift, in 2021, almost two-thirds (64.2%) of people in this age group were affiliated with Christianity. Other ethnicities can also be found, though in smaller numbers: Indian (1.7%), Greek (1.6%), Dutch (1.2%), and Other (5.3%). Those of Chinese ethnicity represent 3.6% of the population and the Aboriginal, and Native Australians are now only 3%. [101], Jainism is currently the fourth fastest growing religion in Australia, recording 4,050 adherents in 2016 and growing an average of 7.7% per year. The overall consequences of this activity contributed to the decline of indigenous languages and beliefs, the extent to which are still being determined and recorded. Christian churches organised missions during this period, intended to "civilise" Aboriginal communities and spread Christianity. australia religion population. From 2016 to 2021, the proportion of people who affiliated with Hinduism in Tasmania increased from 0.5% to 1.7% of the population. [44] Prominent Aboriginal Christians have included Pastor David Unaipon, the first Aboriginal author; Pastor Sir Douglas Nicholls, athlete, activist and former Governor of South Australia; Mum (Shirl) Smith, a celebrated Redfern community worker who, assisted by the Sisters of Charity, work to assist Aboriginal peoples. Almost 10 million Australians reported having no religion. Australia is an ethnically diverse country which lends to its religious composition. Statista. Not all Christian denominations are declining. After the arrival of the first Christian settlers on the First Fleet of British ships in 1788, Christianity quickly became the major religion in Australia. Consequently, the Christian festivals of Christmas and Easter are public holidays, the skylines of Australian cities and towns are marked by church and cathedral spires. Christianity decreased by more than 1 million peoplebut is still Australias most common religion. statistic alerts) please log in with your personal account. Antiochian Orthodox of Australia and New Z. Lutheran Church also have a number of schools, Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese of Australia, Australian Union Conference of Seventh-day Adventists, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Australia, Australian Federation of Islamic Councils, A Practical Reference to Religious Diversity for Operational Police and Emergency Services, Australian Association for Jewish Studies, Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in Australia, Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, "Australian Bureau of Statistics: 2021 Census of Population and Housing: General Community Profile", "Religious affiliation in Australia | Australian Bureau of Statistics", "Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia - Stories from the Census, 2016: Religion in Australia", "Marrying Out Part One: Not in Front of the Altar", "Aboriginal painting "Coming of the Macassan traders", "Biography Richard Johnson Australian Dictionary of Biography", "Fast facts James Scullin Fast facts Australia's Prime Ministers", "The separation of church and state Secular Party of Australia", "Article 18 Freedom of religion and belief", "2021 Census shows changes in Australia's religious diversity | Australian Bureau of Statistics", "Feature Article: Characteristics of the Population", "2011 Community Profiles: Time Series Profile", 2016 Census of Population and General Community (Sheet G14), "Religious affiliation (RELP) | Australian Bureau of Statistics", "FactCheck Q&A: the facts on birth rates for Muslim couples and non-Muslim couples in Australia", "Indigenous Traditions Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders", "European Network for Indigenous Australian Rights: news", "Indigenous and non-Indigenous reconciliation for the wellbeing of the Australian nation Reconciliation Australia", "Contradictions cloud the apology to the Stolen Generations", "St Vincent's Hospital, history and tradition, sesquicentenary", "Heritage branch | NSW Environment & Heritage", "Benedictine Abbey, Jamberoo, New South Wales, Australia", "Thredbo Chapel Thredbo Ecumenical Church", "Christmas season celebrations in Australia", http://www.islamfortoday.com/australia03.htm#nearnorth, "reCollections Australia's Muslim cameleer heritage", "A Multicultural Timeline of Australia: The end of White Australia", "Australias jihad attack plotters jailed for up to 28 years", "Muslim leader blames women for sex attacks | News | the Australian", "Whites fleeing racially mixed schools in Australia: report", https://web.archive.org/web/20090710175431/http://www.immi.gov.au/living-in-australia/a-diverse-australia/mcrg_report.pdf, "Indonesia country brief Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade", Prime Minister Kevin Rudd's new-look ministry sworn into office at Government House, "Exhibition shows it's not all black and white | The Australian Jewish News", "A Practical Reference for Religious Diversity for Operational Police and Emergency Services: 2nd Ed", "General Community Profile (Australia) 2016", "God's OK, it's just the religion bit we don't like", "Global survey: youths see spiritual dimension to life", "Census Table 2006 20680-Religious Affiliation (full classification list) by Sex Australia", "Census shows non-Christian religions continue to grow at a faster rate", "PAGANDASH STAND UP AND BE COUNTED Results of the 2011 Census", Australian Standard Classification of Religious Groups (ASCRG), 1266.0, 1996, 1996 Census Dictionary Religion category, 2001 Census Dictionary Religion category, Year Book Australia, 2006. Muslim > Muslim percentage of total population: Muslim percentage (%) of total population 2014 Pew Report. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2022 worldatlas.com, The Historical and Ongoing Persecution Of Gypsies In Europe, The 7 Kindest Cities In The United States, The 10 Largest Universities In The United States, 9 Most Sacred Sites From Around The Globe, Christian other than Catholic or Anglican. Access to this and all other statistics on 80,000 topics from, Show sources information In 2021, there were nearly 700 thousand people in the Christianity nfd category (688,400), an increase of 75 thousand since 2016 (76,100). Comprises Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism and Other Religions. Australian Aboriginal peoples suffered a decline during this period as they were dispossessed of their lands; and diseases spread among their populations. [100] Around 42% of Australia's Sikhs live in the state of Victoria. [78] Inter-faith dialogues were also established by Christian and Muslim groups such as The Australian Federation of Islamic Councils and the National Council of Churches in Australia. This group has increased significantly over the last 100 years when it was once only reported by 1 in 250 people. In 2021, Tasmania had the highest proportion with half (50%) of the population reporting to have no religion. Catholic - 22.6%. Australia's first mosque was built for them at Marree, South Australia in 1861. Since 1971, this percentage has progressively increased to 38.9% in 2021. What is the most common race in New Zealand? Australia's Aboriginal peoples developed the spirituality of the Dreaming and some of the earliest evidence on earth for religious practices among humans has been found in the archaeological record of their ancestors. ", O'Brien, Anne. Australia does not have explicit "separation of church and state" -the essence of a secular state- in the sense that countries like the USA do. Christmas, which recalls the birth of Jesus Christ, is celebrated on 25 December during the Australian summer (although on 7 January by some Eastern Orthodox) and is an important cultural festival even for many non-religious Australians. Around the year 2000, many churches and church organisations officially apologised for past failures to adequately respect indigenous cultures and address the injustices of the dispossession of indigenous people. This makes them the second-largest "religious group" after Christians, who make up 43.9% of the population, down from 52.1% in 2016.Australia is often described as a secular country and this . Sikhism has been one of the fastest growing religions in Australia in recent years. Until 1945, the vast majority of Catholics in Australia were of Irish descent, causing the British majority to question their loyalty to the British Empire. [63], The Christian festivals of Christmas and Easter are national public holidays in Australia. Australian National Audit Office, Performance Audit Report 2019-2020, Delivery of the Humanitarian Settlement Program. World population by Region and by Religion. By comparison, Islam and Buddhism both represented less than three percent of the population. [9], Indigenous Australians had their own religious traditions of the Dreaming when British colonisation started in 1788. This was a decrease of nearly one in five Anglicans (19.5%), from 13.3% to 9.8% of the population. In 2021, the proportion was 38.9%, an increase from 30.1% in 2016, representing an increase of more than 2.8 million people. This reflects the age profiles of these religions. With 30 . As soon as this statistic is updated, you will immediately be notified via e-mail. They are common to people with Greek, Lebanese and Serbian ancestries. Plant and Animal World in Australia The nature of Australia is exceptionally diverse. Sikhism has grown in Australia particularly over the past ten years. For the purposes of this article, No religion refers to the broad group Secular Beliefs and Other Spiritual Beliefs and No Religious Affiliation. Muslim > Muslim population: Muslim population 2014 Pew Report. Then you can access your favorite statistics via the star in the header. The collection of stories which it contains shaped Aboriginal law and customs. In 2021, over 2.5 million people reported an affiliation with Other religions. [94] The Association of Religion Data Archives (relying on World Christian Encyclopedia) estimated some 17,700 Bahs in 2005,[95] and over 19,300 in 2010. Among Australia's best-known Hindus is the singer Kamahl. Please create an employee account to be able to mark statistics as favorites. The governor of the time gave the responsibility of public health and education to a cleric of the Church of England. The two major denominations, Anglican and Catholic, account for 36% of the Australian population. Sydney's gothic design Great Synagogue, consecrated in 1878, is a notable place of Jewish worship in Australia. The 2006 census[106] shows 53 listed groups down to 5000 members, most of them Christian denominations, many of them national versions such as Greek, Serbian Orthodox and Assyrian Orthodox. [69] General immigration, combined with religious conversion to Islam by Christians and other Australians, as well as Australia's participation in UN refugee efforts has increased the overall Muslim population. The Christian festivals of Easter and Christmas are public holidays. Anglican - 13.3%. This was an increase from 2,550 to 9,720 people. Religion in Australia Religion in Australia as declared in the 2021 census [1] [2] No religion (38.9%) Catholicism (20.0%) Protestantism (18.1%) Other Christian (5.8%) Islam (3.2%) Hinduism (2.7%) Buddhism (2.4%) Sikhism (0.8%) Other religions (0.9%) Not stated or unclear (7.2%) Religion by country Africa Asia Europe North America Oceania Religion in Australia There are about 92 recorded religious beliefs in Australia. Major religion(s): Country major religions. [4] The 2016 Census found that Protestants outnumbered Catholics while the irreligious population was also substantial. "'Sailing in Stormy Waters': Archbishop Matthew Beovich and the Catholic Archdiocese of Adelaide in the 1960s. [24] The tensions that came with the First Fleet continued into the 1960s: job vacancy advertisements sometimes included the stipulation of "Protestant preferred" or that "Catholics Need Not Apply". An increase in this group may indicate a growing trend of people affiliating more broadly with Christianity rather than specific Christian denominations. [7] Of the convicts and settlers, most were members of the established Church of England and Ireland with lesser numbers of Nonconformist Protestants, Catholics and other faiths. The churches with the largest number of members are the Catholic Church, the Anglican Church of Australia and the Uniting Church in Australia. Most were Nepalese and Indian migrants. [26] Sir Zelman Cowen also served as Governor-General, between 1977 and 1982. Arrived in Australia from 2017 to 10 August 2021. [3] You can only download this statistic as a Premium user. Buddhist temples can be very active. By: Published: November 30, 2021; In the west of Australia there is a bunch of area that has no religion at all. In the 1981 Census, data on Buddhism was released for the first time in response to the arrival of large numbers of Buddhists as Vietnamese refugees in the 1970s. Australia is becoming more religiously diverse. However, there is a wide range of Orthodox congregations, including Mizrachi, Chabad and Adass Israel congregations. From 2016 to 2021, Anglican affiliation had the largest drop in number of all religious denominations from 3.1 million to 2.5 million people. This classification presents a hierarchy of religious affiliations. To this day the vast majority of synagogues in Australia are Orthodox. Section 116 of the Constitution of Australia of 1901 states, "The Commonwealth shall not make any law for establishing any religion, or for imposing any religious observance, or for prohibiting the free exercise of any religion, and no religious test shall be required as a qualification for any office or public trust under the Commonwealth.". In 2021, more people opted to answer the Census religion question than in 2016. In every Census since 1911, a proportion of people have responded that they did not have a religious affiliation. There were a great many different groups, each with their own individual culture, belief structure, and language. Here are the top seven religions practiced in Australia, taken from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2016 Census data: No religion - 30.1%. As noted above, the Australian gold rushes brought in workers from China and the Pacific islands, as well as specialised workers from British India such as, from the 1860s onwards, the mainly Muslim "Afghan Cameleers". Other smaller groups also arrived and established their churches. The Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Australia and other congregations associated with non-British cultures have also expanded. Please do not hesitate to contact me. 38.9% declared 'No Religion', and unspecified or not declared represented a further 7.2%. Many factors contribute to a persons religious identification including age, ethnicity, and country of origin. [79] Australia and Indonesia co-operated closely following the Bali-bombings, not only in law-enforcement but in improving education and cross-cultural understanding, leading to a marked improvement in relations. A steady increase since then has largely been maintained by migration from Southeast Asia, China and Sri Lanka. People reporting to have No religion were younger than people affiliated with Christianity. You need at least a Starter Account to use this feature. The overwhelming majority (94.7%) of Jains live inside the state capitals, primarily Sydney, Melbourne and Perth.[102]. This saw a sevenfold increase from the previous census year in the percentage of Australians stating they had no religion. Of migrants who arrived in Australia between 2016 and 2021, there were 210,500 who were affiliated with Hinduism. At the time of the British settlement, traditional religions were animist and also tended to have elements of ancestor worship. Since the 1970s Islamic schools have been established as well as more than 100 mosques and prayer centres. At the 1911 Census 38.4% of the population reported an affiliation with the Church of England. [45] In recent times, Christians such as Fr Ted Kennedy of Redfern,[46] Jesuit human rights lawyer Fr Frank Brennan[47] and the Josephite Sisters have been prominent in working for Aboriginal rights and improvements to standards of living.[48]. This is defined as the religion to which a person nominates an association. These include: These changes may have affected the number of No religion responses. The Church of England was removed from its power in 1836, yet other policies were later enacted that ensured Christianity would remain the dominant religion. Prior to 1971, people describing themselves as more than 50% Aboriginal were excluded from counts of the population. Religious Diversity in Asia-Pacific region in 2010, by religion, Christian church attendance share in Australia 2006-2016, Number of Catholic schools in Australia 2021, by school type, Opinions on euthanasia for terminally ill in Australia 2019, by religion. At least eight Jewish convicts are believed to have been transported to Sydney aboard the First Fleet in 1788, when the first British settlement was established on the continent. In the case of the Torres Strait Islanders who inhabit the islands between Australia and New Guinea, spirituality and customs reflected their Melanesian origins and dependence on the sea.[38]. The largest of these denominations, Greek Orthodox, accounted for 1.5% of Australians in 2021. Hinduism has grown by 55.3 per cent to 684,002 people, or 2.7 per cent of the population. The 1996 census reported that almost 72 percent of Aboriginal peoples practised some form of Christianity and 16 percent listed no religion. ), etc. However, the religious landscape of Australia has been changing and diversifying in the last two decades. The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Religious Diversity in Asia-Pacific region in 2010, by religion, Number of people in Australia by religion 2016, Number of marriages in Australia 1901-2020, Percentage of charities Australia FY 2019, by activity, Number of schools in Australia 2021, by affiliation type, Number of people across Australia in 2016, by religion (in 1,000s), Distribution of religious affiliation in Australia in 2016, Christian church attendance share in Australia 2006-2016, Share of population who attend Christian church in Australia from 2006 to 2016, by census year, Number of Christians in Australia by age group 2016, Number of recorded Christians across Australia in 2016, by age group (in 1,000s), Number of Muslims in Australia by age group 2016, Number of recorded Muslims across Australia in 2016, by age group (in 1,000s), Number of Buddhists in Australia by age group 2016, Number of recorded Buddhists across Australia in 2016, by age group (in 1,000s), Number of Hindus in Australia by age group 2016, Number of recorded Hindus across Australia in 2016, by age group (in 1,000s), Number of non religious in Australia by age group 2016, Number of recorded non religious people across Australia in 2016, by age group (in 1,000s), Total number of schools in Australia in 2021, by affiliation type, Number of independent schools in Australia 2019, by affiliation, Total number of independent schools in Australia in 2019, by affiliation, Independent school student FTE enrolments in Australia 2019, by affiliation, Total number of full time equivalent students enrolled at independent schools in Australia in 2019, by school affiliation, Number of Catholic schools in Australia 2021, by school type, Total number of Catholic schools in Australia in 2021, by school type, Leading Islamic schools in Victoria, Australia 2010-2018, by student growth, Total number of student enrolments at selected Islamic schools in Victoria, Australia in 2010 and 2018, Distribution of child care services in Australia by management type 2020, Distribution of child care services in Australia in 2020, by management type, Distribution of charities in Australia in financial year 2019, by main activity, Expenditure of Islamic Relief Australia FY 2019, by expenditure type, Total expenditure of Islamic Relief Australia in financial year 2019, by expenditure type (in Australian dollars), Leading reasons for charitable donations Australia 2018, Leading reasons for charitable donations in Australia in 2018, Number of volunteers Australia 2014 by organization type, Number of voluntary workers in Australia in 2014, by organization type (in thousands), Number of marriages in Australia from 1901 to 2020, Number of religious and civil celebrant marriages in Australia 1998-2018, Total number of religious and civil celebrant marriages in Australia in 1998, 2008, and 2014 to 2018, Number of religious marriages in Australia 2018, by minister affiliation, Number of marriages administered by a minister of religion in Australia in 2018, by minister affiliation, Average number of children born to women in Australia 2016, by religion, Average number of children born to women by the age of 45 to 49 years in Australia in 2016, by religion, Opinions on euthanasia for terminally ill in Australia 2019, by religion, Opinions on euthanasia for the terminally ill in Australia in 2019, by religious affiliation, Religious or spiritual well-being as source of happiness for Australians 2019, Religious or spiritual well-being as a source of happiness for adults in Australia in 2019, Public perception of the biggest problems facing the country in Australia 2019, Breakdown of public perception of the most important problems facing the country in Australia in 2019, Opinion on leading human rights that need protection Australia 2018, Opinion on most important human rights to be protected in Australia as of June 2018, Share of negative responses toward selected religions in Australia 2019, by religion, Share of negative attitudes toward selected religions in Australia in 2019, by religion, Most important values in life in Australia 2020.
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